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Social Science and National Security Policy
Deterrence, Coercion, and Modernization Theories
This book examines how deterrence, coercion and modernization theory has informed U.S. policy, addressing why former Defense Secretary Robert McNamara's famous description of the Vietnam War as the "social scientist's war" is so accurate. By tracing the evolution of ties between social scientists and the government beginning in World War I and continuing through the Second World War and the early Cold War, the narrative highlights the role of institutions like the RAND Corporation, the Social Science Research Council and MIT's Center for International Studies that facilitate these ties while providing a home for the development of theory. The author compares and contrasts the ideas of Bernard Brodie, Herman Kahn, Albert Wohlstetter, Thomas Schelling, Gabriel Almond, Lucian Pye and Walt Rostow, among others, and offers a cautionary tale concerning the difficulties and problems encountered when applying social science theory to national security policy. Janeen M. Klinger is Emeritus Professor in the Department of National Security and Strategy at the U.S. Army War College, USA. She previously taught at the Marine Corps Command and Staff College and the University of Mary Washington.
1. Evolution of a Partnership: Social Science and National Security Policy -- 2. The Nature Sciences and Public Policy: Insights from the History and the Philosophy of Science -- 3. The Science of Strategy: Deterrence and Coercion Theory -- 4. A Scientific Approach to Development: Modernization Theory -- 5. Theory Meets Practice: The Case of the Vietnam War.