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In recent years, considerable progress has been made in understanding the vasculitic diseases, largely due to the introduction of effective treatments for diseases that were once uniformly fatal, the conduct of structured clinical studies, and advances in immunology and molecular biology. Despite these achievements, the vasculitic diseases continue to be associated with morbidity and mortality from chronic organ damage, relapses, and the side effects of treatment. Investigations into the mechanisms of vascular inflammation may lead to a better comprehension of the pathogenesis of vasculitic diseases.
Inflammatory Diseases of Blood Vessels; Contents; List of Contributors; Preface; PART I Biology of Blood Vessels and Mechanisms of Vascular Inflammation; CHAPTER 1 Vascular Development; Development of the cardiovascular system; Endothelial cell heterogeneity and organ specificity; Arterial and venous endothelial cell distinctions; Lymphatic capillaries; Blood-brain barrier; Implications of vascular diversity for disease expression and therapy; Demonstrated or accepted; Hypothetical; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; CHAPTER 2 Vascular Repair; Introduction; History.
Embryonic development; Initial stimulus of arteriogenesis; Role of physical factors; Growth factors; Role of bone marrow derived cells; Morphology and remodeling of collateral arteries; Proliferative phase; Synthetic phase; Maturation phase; Tunica interna -- the endothelium; Tunica media -- smooth muscle cells; Tunica externa -- the adventitia; Pathways involved in arteriogenesis; Fluid shear stress sensing -- calcium signaling -- Trpv4; The actin cytoskeleton -- Abra; Phenotypic switch -- fetal gene program; References; CHAPTER 3 Leukocyte Trafficking; Introduction; Leukocyte recruitment cascade.
Tethering and rolling; Activation and firm adhesion; Intraluminal crawling; Transendothelial migration (diapedisis); Migration through tissues; Normal trafficking of leukocyte subsets; Granulocytes; Monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells; Lymphocytes; Microvascular traffic control; Clinical implications of leukocyte trafficking as a therapeutic target; Antiadhesion molecule therapies; Therapeutic targeting of chemoattractants; Conclusions; References; CHAPTER 4 Dendritic Cells and Vascular Inflammation; Functions of DC in the immune system.
VasDC -- defining the immunologic identity of arteries; VasDC in vasculitis; DC in atherosclerosis; VasDC as therapeutic targets in inflammatory vasculopathy; References; CHAPTER 5 T Cells and Vascular Inflammation; Introduction; Principles of T-cell biology; Antigen specificity; T-cell generation and homeostasis; T-cell activation; T-cell differentiation and function; T cells in vascular inflammation; Genetic risk factors of vascular inflammation; T-helper cell function for autoantibody production; T-cell cytokine pathways in vascular inflammation; T regulatory cells in vascular inflammation.
End-differentiated effector T cells in vascular inflammation; T-cell-targeted therapy; T-cell depletion; Targeting TCR stimulation and signaling; Inhibition of co-stimulation; Inhibition of cytokine signaling; Neutralization of T-cell-derived cytokines; Conclusions; References; CHAPTER 6 Autoantibodies and Vascular Inflammation; Introduction; Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; Antigenic specificities and method of detection; Associations of PR3-ANCA and MPO-ANCA with clinical disease entities in systemic vasculitis; Pathogenicity of ANCA; Therapeutic implications; Anti-cPR3 antibodies.