Functional Tissue Engineering

• Συγγραφή απο Οργανισμό/Αρχή: SpringerLink (Online service)
• Άλλοι συγγραφείς: Guilak, Farshid (Επιμελητής έκδοσης), Butler, David L. (Επιμελητής έκδοσης), Goldstein, Steven A. (Επιμελητής έκδοσης), Mooney, David J. (Επιμελητής έκδοσης)
• Μορφή: Ηλεκτρονική πηγή Ηλ. βιβλίο
• Γλώσσα: English
• Έκδοση: New York, NY : Springer New York, 2003.
• Θέματα: Life sciences.; Orthopedics.; Cell biology.; Biomedical engineering.; Life Sciences.; Cell Biology.; Biomedical Engineering.

  The goal of "tissue engineering" is to repair or replace tissues and organs by delivering implanted cells, scaffolds, DNA, proteins, and/or protein fragments at surgery. Tissue engineering merges aspects of engineering and biology, and many rapid achievements in this field have arisen in part from significant advances in cell and molecular biology. Despite its early successes, however, tissue engineers have faced challenges in repairing or replacing tissues that serve a predominantly biomechanical function. This book addresses and discusses a number of issues that need to be addressed in order for tissue engineers to effectively repair or replace these load-bearing structures. What are the thresholds of force, stress, and strain that normal tissues transmit or encounter? What are the mechanical properties of these tissues when subjected to expected in vivo stresses and strains, as well as under failure conditions? Which of these properties should a tissue engineer insist upon incorporating into the design? Do tissue engineered repairs and replacements need to exactly duplicate the structure and function of the normal tissue or organ in order to be successful? When developing these implants in culture, how do physical factors such as mechanical stress regulate cell behavior in bioreactors as compared to signals experienced in vivo? And finally, can tissue engineers mechanically stimulate these implants before surgery to produce a better repair outcome? Chapters written by well-known researchers discuss these matters and provide guidelines and a summary of the current state of technology in functional tissue engineering. The book will be useful to students and researchers as it will increase awareness among tissue engineers of the importance of restoring "function" when engineering tissue constructs, and identifying the critical structural and mechanical requirements needed for each construct. It will also provide an invaluable source of information to help tissue engineers incorporate these functional criteria into the design, manufacture, and optimization of tissue engineered products. Finally it serves as a reference and teaching text for the rapidly increasing population of students and investigators in the field of tissue engineering. 

 The Functional Properties of Native Tissues -- How Does Nature Build a Tissue? -- Ligament Healing: Present Status and the Future of Functional Tissue Engineering -- Native Properties of Cardiovascular Tissues: Guidelines for Functional Tissue Engineering -- Functional Properties of Native Articular Cartilage -- Excitability and Contractility of Skeletal Muscle: Measurements and Interpretations -- Functional Requirements of Engineered Tissues -- Functional Requirements for the Engineering of a Blood Vessel Substitute -- In Vivo Force and Strain of Tendon, Ligament, and Capsule -- Requirements for Biological Replacement of the Articular Cartilage at the Knee Joint -- Functional Requirements: Cartilage -- Design Parameters for Tissue Engineering -- Design Parameters For Functional Tissue Engineering -- Tissue Engineering a Heart: Critical Issues -- Design Parameters for Engineering Bone Regeneration -- Tissue Engineering of Bone: The Potential Use of Gene Therapy for Difficult Bone Loss Problems -- Engineered Skeletal Muscle: Functional Tissues, Organs, and Interfaces -- Bioengineering the Growth of Articular Cartilage -- Assessment of Junction in Engineered Tissues -- Functional Tissue Engineering: Assessment of Function in Tendon and Ligament Repair -- The Role of Mechanical Forces in Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage -- Biomechanics of Native and Engineered Heart Valve Tissues -- Assessment of Function in Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts -- Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Tissues in Humans Requires the Development of Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Noninvasive Outcome Measures -- Cell-Matrix Interactions in Functional Tissue Engineering -- Functional Tissue Engineering and the Role of Biomechanical Signaling in Articular Cartilage Repair -- Regulation of Cellular Response to Mechanical Signals by Matrix Design -- Artificial Soft Tissue Fabrication from Cell-Contracted Biopolymers -- Cytomechanics: Signaling to Mechanical Load in Connective Tissue Cells and Its Role in Tissue Engineering -- Bioreactors and the Role of Biophysical Stimuli in Tissue Engineering -- The Role of Biomechanics in Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases: Regulation of the Fluid Shear Response by Inflammatory Mediators -- A Full Spectrum of Functional Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessels: From Macroscopic to Microscopic -- Engineering Functional Cartilage and Cardiac Tissue: In vitro Culture Parameters -- Tissue Engineering Skeletal Muscle -- Regulatory and Clinical Tissues in Tissue Engineering -- From Concept Toward the Clinic: Preclinical Evaluation of Tissue-Engineered Constructs -- Trends in the FDA.