Contrast Agents I Magnetic Resonance Imaging /

• Corporate Author: SpringerLink (Online service)
• Other Authors: Krause, Werner (Editor, http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt)
• Format: Electronic eBook
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint: Springer, 2002.
• Edition: 1st ed. 2002.
• Series: Topics in Current Chemistry, 221
• Subjects: Analytical chemistry.; Physical chemistry.; Organic chemistry.; Materials science.; Biochemistry.; Laboratory medicine.; Analytical Chemistry.; Physical Chemistry.; Organic Chemistry.; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials.; Biochemistry, general.; Laboratory Medicine.

 Extracellular MRI and X-ray contrast agents are characterized by their phar- cokinetic behaviour.After intravascular injection their plasma-level time curve is characeterized by two phases. The agents are rapidly distributed between plasma and interstitial spaces followed by renal elimination with a terminal half-live of approximatly 1-2 hours. They are excreted via the kidneys in unchanged form by glomerular filtration. Extracellular water-soluble contrast agents to be applied for X-ray imaging were introduced into clinical practice in 1923. Since that time they have proved to be most valuable tools in diagnostics.They contain iodine as the element of choice with a sufficiently high atomic weight difference to organic tissue. As positive contrast agents their attenuation of radiation is higher compared with the attenuation of the surrounding tissue. By this contrast enhancement X-ray diagnostics could be improved dramatically. In 2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid derivatives iodine is firmly bound. Nowadays diamides of the 2,4,6-triiodo-5-acylamino-isophthalic acid like iopromide (Ultravist, Fig. 1) are used as non-ionic (neutral) X-ray contrast agents in most cases [1]. 

 Extracellular MRI Contrast Agents Based on Gadolinium -- Structures of MRI Contrast Agents in Solution -- Relaxivity of MRI Contrast Agents -- Kinetic Stabilities of Gadolinium(III) Chelates Used as MRI Contrast Agents -- New Classes of MRI Contrast Agents -- Non-Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agents -- Blood-Pool MRI Contrast Agents: Properties and Characterization.