Evolutionary Games with Sociophysics Analysis of Traffic Flow and Epidemics /

• Κύριος συγγραφέας: Tanimoto, Jun (Συγγραφέας, http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut)
• Συγγραφή απο Οργανισμό/Αρχή: SpringerLink (Online service)
• Μορφή: Ηλεκτρονική πηγή Ηλ. βιβλίο
• Γλώσσα: English
• Έκδοση: Singapore : Springer Singapore : Imprint: Springer, 2018.
• Έκδοση: 1st ed. 2018.
• Σειρά: Evolutionary Economics and Social Complexity Science, 17
• Θέματα: Evolutionary economics.; Game theory.; Welfare economics.; Statistics .; Engineering economics.; Engineering economy.; Institutional/Evolutionary Economics.; Game Theory.; Social Choice/Welfare Economics/Public Choice/Political Economy.; Game Theory, Economics, Social and Behav. Sciences.; Statistics for Business, Management, Economics, Finance, Insurance.; Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing.

 Recent applications of evolutionary game theory in the merging fields of the mathematical and social sciences are brilliantly portrayed in this book, which highlights social physics and shows how the approach can help to quantitatively model complex human-environmental-social systems. First, readers are introduced to the fundamentals of evolutionary game theory. The two-player, two-strategy game, or the 2 × 2 game, is presented as an archetype to help understand the difficulty of cooperating for survival against defection in common social contexts. Subsequently, the book explains the theoretical background of the multi-player, two-strategy game, which may be more widely applicable than the 2 × 2 game for social dilemmas. The latest applications of 2 × 2 games are also discussed to explore how integrated reciprocity mechanisms can solve social dilemmas. In turn, the book describes two practical areas in which evolutionary game theory has been applied. The first concerns traffic flow analysis. In conventional interpretations, traffic flow can be understood by means of fluid dynamics, in which the flow of vehicles is evaluated as a continuum body. Such a simple idea, however, does not work well in reality, particularly if a driver's decision-making process is considered. Various dilemmas involve complex structures that depend primarily on traffic density, a revelation that should help establish a practical solution for reducing traffic congestion. Second, the book provides keen insights into how powerful evolutionary game theory can be in the context of epidemiology. Both approaches, quasi-analytical and multi-agent simulation, can clarify how an infectious disease such as seasonal influenza spreads across a complex social network, which is significantly affected by the public attitude toward vaccination. A methodology is proposed for the optimum design of a public vaccination policy incorporating subsidies to efficiently increase vaccination coverage while minimizing the social cost. . 

 1.Social Physics Approach to Model and Analyze Human - Environmental Social System -- 1.1 Human - Environmental Social System -- 1.2 Evolutionary Game and Social Physics -- 1.3 Structure of This Book -- 2.Evolutionary Game Theory -- 2.1 2-Player & 2-Strategy Games -- 2.2 Multi-player Games -- 2.3 Social Dilemma Alleviated by Integrated Reciprocity Mechanisms -- 3.Social Dilemma Analysis Hidden behind a Traffic Flow -- 3.1 Traffic Flow analysis; Microscopic and Macroscopic Approaches -- 3.2 Social Dilemma in Rote Selection Problem -- 3.3 Social Dilemma Triggered by Vehicle's Lateral Action; Lane-changing -- 3.4 Social Dilemma in 2-Body Problem of Action and Reaction in a Lane-changing -- 4.Social Dilemma Analysis Observed in Infectious Disease -- 4.1 Classical Model of Macroscopic Epidemiology Model -- 4.2 Microscopic Model Considering Vaccination and Complex Social Network -- 4.3 Evaluation of Imperfect Vaccination and Intermediate Self-protection Measures -- 4.4 Optimum Design of Subsidy Policy for Vaccination.