Production & characterization of graphene-based polymer nanolaminates

• Κύριος συγγραφέας: Παύλου, Χρήστος
• Άλλοι συγγραφείς: Pavlou, Christos
• Γλώσσα: English
• Έκδοση: 2022
• Θέματα: Graphene; Nanocomposites; Nanolaminates; Multifuctional; EMI shielding efficiency; Mechanical properties; Raman spectroscopy; Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy; Electrical properties; Joule heat; Poly(methyl methacrylate); Poly(ether imide); Thermal properties; Graphene transfer; Electromechanical responses; Fabrication methods; Γραφένιο; Νανοσύνθετα; Νανολαμινικά; Ηλεκτρομαγνητική θωράκιση; Μηχανικές ιδιότητες; Ηλεκτρικές ιδιότητες; Θερμικές ιδιότητες; Πολυλειτουργικές ιδιότητες; Φασματοσκοπία Raman; Φασματοσκοπία Brillouin; Πολυμεθακρυλικός μεθυλεστέρας; Πολυαιθεριμίδιο; Φαινόμενο Joule; Μεταφορά γραφενίου; Ηλεκτρομηχανικές ιδιότητες; Μέθοδοι παρασκευής νανοσυνθέτων γραφενίου

Graphene, with its superior mechanical, electrical and thermal properties, is the perfect candidate as reinforcement in lightweight, high strength composite materials with interesting multi-functionalities. Since now, graphene has been adopted mainly in the form of separate flakes (e.g. GNPs) for the production of large-scale composites. Nonetheless, the overall physical performance (e.g. mechanical, electrical and thermal properties) of graphene-flake reinforced composites may be far below the expectations and this has been attributed to the small lateral size of the particles that leads to inefficient stress transfer with the polymer matrix. An alternative way to overcome this issue is represented by the incorporation of large size CVD graphene sheets in polymer laminates. In this PhD thesis, it is proposed a novel bottom-up approach for the production of macro-scale CVD graphene/polymer nanolaminates based on the combination of ultra-thin casting, wet transfer and floating deposition. Actually, by casting ultra-thin polymer films, it was possible to produce macroscale nanolaminates in a wide range of graphene volume fractions with the potential to outperform the current state-of-the-art graphene-based composite materials in both mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and other multi-functionalities (e.g. thermal conductivity, EMI shielding, Joule heating). Freestanding graphene/poly (methyl methacrylate) nanolaminates (Gr/PMMA) have been produced with layer numbers ranging from 10 to 100 and volume fractions of 0.044 to 1%. Uniaxial tensile tests have highlighted the effective reinforcement provided by graphene in the nanolaminate configuration, with effective contribution in both the Young’s modulus (with increase up to 250%) and the ultimate strength (up to 100%) of the produced Gr/PMMA nanolaminates. Mechanical behaviour have been probed also by using in-situ Raman spectroscopy combined with uniaxial tensile tests, that shed light on some important differences of CVD graphene reinforcement compared to perfect exfoliated monolayer graphene, in terms of strain sensitivities and Grüneisen parameter. Also, mechanical properties of the nanolaminates at zero strain have been estimated through Brillouin Light Scattering, which is a non-invasive technique, thus eliminating the possibility of strain hardening upon loading. A systematic characterization of physical properties of the produced Gr/PMMA nanolaminates has been carried out and has highlighted excellent behavior in both electrical and thermal conduction. In fact, the in-plane electrical conductivity has been found to increases with graphene content up to 25000 S/m for 1% vol in graphene, and the in-plane thermal conductivity can achieve values of 15 W/mK for the same graphene content. Furthermore, other impressive multifunctionalities have been observed for the produced systems, such as a record EMI shielding behavior in the THz range and Joule heating phenomena.