Patient dose in common CT examinations

• Κύριος συγγραφέας: Μάστορα, Σταματία
• Άλλοι συγγραφείς: Παναγιωτάκης, Γεώργιος
• Μορφή: Thesis
• Γλώσσα: English
• Έκδοση: 2010
• Θέματα: Computed tomography; Dosimetry; Υπολογιστικός τομογράφος; Δοσιμετρία; 616.075 72

Recent developments in CT technology has resulted in a continuing expansion of CT practice. CT has become a major source of exposure in diagnostic radiology. Therefore, the European Union, in an ionizing radiation protection directive, has classified computed tomography as a high dose diagnostic procedure and has pointed to the need to reduce the dose to the patient. Efforts towards dose reduction in CT have been recommended by international organizations. The European Commission (EC) have recommended the setup and the implementation of CT dose guidance levels for the most frequent examinations to promote strategies for the optimization of CT doses. These dose guidance levels should be derived using data from a wide scale survey. Therefore, it is of great interest whether there are dose quantities whose values are easy to obtain, which can correctly reflect the patient dose and allow assessment of the risk associated with the CT examination. The most widely used CT Dose Quantity is the computed tomography dose index (CTDI). Another important dose quantity is the Dose Length Product (DLP), which includes the patient, or the phantom volume irradiated during a complex examination. The main purpose of this study is the measurement of CTDI and DLP during the most frequent CT examinations at the University Hospital of Patras. Also scan lengths used for the same type of examinations will be monitored. For the same types of examinations effective doses will be calculated. Four CT examination was selected because of their frequency, Routine Head, Routine Chest, Routine Abdomen and Cervical Spine. The protocols of these exams were compared with the European Commission’s recommendations. Data were collected from 120 patients, 30 for each examination. Data on the scanning parameters and the patient dose were selected from the CT scanner, a GE LightSpeed 16. Moreover, data were collected about the sex, the age and the weight of the patient undergone the examination. The mean values of CTDIw, DLP and Effective Dose were calculated for each protocol and were compared with the recommendations of European Commission. Moreover, an evaluation of the dose indication of the CT scanner was made. Using a head and a body CT Dose phantom made by PMMA, an ionization chamber and an electrometer, the CTDI was measured for each examination protocol. These values were compared with the indications of CT and the correspondent values published by ImPACT.