Ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής
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| Γλώσσα: | Greek |
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2016
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| Διαθέσιμο Online: | http://hdl.handle.net/10889/9348 |
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nemertes-10889-9348 |
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Καθιερωμένο πρότυπο των Glashow, Salam και Weinberg Σωματιδιακή φυσική Standard model of Glashow Salam and Weinberg Particle physics 539.76 |
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Καθιερωμένο πρότυπο των Glashow, Salam και Weinberg Σωματιδιακή φυσική Standard model of Glashow Salam and Weinberg Particle physics 539.76 Μαρούδας, Μάριος Ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής |
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Λώλα, Σμαράγδα |
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Λώλα, Σμαράγδα Μαρούδας, Μάριος |
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Thesis |
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Μαρούδας, Μάριος |
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Μαρούδας, Μάριος |
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Ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής |
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Ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής |
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Ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής |
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Ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής |
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Ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής |
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ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής |
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2016 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10889/9348 |
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AT maroudasmarios enopoiēmenestheōriespediouperaapotokathierōmenoprotypotēssōmatidiakēsphysikēs AT maroudasmarios unifiedfieldtheoriesbeyondthestandardmodelofparticlephysics |
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nemertes-10889-93482022-09-05T20:45:26Z Ενοποιημένες θεωρίες πεδίου πέρα από το καθιερωμένο πρότυπο της σωματιδιακής φυσικής Unified field theories beyond the standard model of particle physics Μαρούδας, Μάριος Λώλα, Σμαράγδα Γερογιάννης, Βασίλειος Αναστόπουλος, Χάρης Maroudas, Marios Καθιερωμένο πρότυπο των Glashow, Salam και Weinberg Σωματιδιακή φυσική Standard model of Glashow Salam and Weinberg Particle physics 539.76 -- One of the most important theory in the history of high energy theoretical physics is the Standard Model of Glashow Salam and Weinberg. Thus, in Chapter 2, after the historical introduction of Chapter 1 where the basic concepts of modern and particle physic are exposed, we analyze the key elements of the standard model of particle physics, as well as the basic tools that are used to achieve the uni- cation of electromagnetic and weak interactions. The reason for the explanatory path that we follow, is to understand the way in which this uni cation is achieved, and also the essential features of the physics of uni cation. This approach lays the foundations and tools for the uni cation of the remaining forces under a common mathematical framework which will surely include gauge theories as a basic ingredient. From the mid 70's when it's formulation was completed, until today, the confrontation of the standard model with the experimental data, had been extremely successful. However, as we shall see, despite it's great success, it was quickly realized that the standard model is also possessed by serious weaknesses. Thus, we will analyze the main underlying problems, such as the arbitrary number of free parameters and the CP problem, as well the variety of the phenomena that it can not explain, such as dark matter, dark energy and the neutrino masses, in order to understand why the idea of further uni cation is not just a mental problem of theoretical and mathematical physics, but a key issue that can solve the problems underlying the so far most successful theory of particle physics. Trying to answer the remaining questions, that standard model created, led us to the construction of Grand Uni ed Theories. In Chapter 3 we describe the basic grand uni ed theories such as SU (5) and SO (10), which attempt to unify the strong with the electroweak interactions and solve some of the standard model issues. The same chapter, highlights the predictions of theses theories, such as proton decay and and the existence of magnetic monopoles, the experimental e orts made so far for a possible con rmation or rejection, as well as the new arisen di culties such as the doublet-triplet problem and the famous hierarchy problem. Thus, we are led to Chapter 4, in which we develop the so-called most beautiful theory of theoretical physics, supersymmetry, which solves the hierarchy problem by associating with each other bosons and fermions as two sides of the same coin. This theory uni es, in a surprisingly beautiful way, di erent aspects of particle physics and settles a variety of existing di culties. Furthermore, we will explore the way in which supersymmetry extends the standard model in MSSM as well as the new obstacles that need to be overcome. Then, we examine the application of supersymmetry in grand uni ed theories and the new predictions that take place. Nevertheless, despite the vigorous e orts, this new symmetry has not been experimentally con rmed, and the nal verdict will be given by the current or future experiments. However, the main objective of elementary particle physics, which is the grail of theoretical physics, is the uni cation of all fundamental interactions. The standard model and most of the grand uni ed theories completely ignore the gravitational interactions. A theory, which describes all interactions and all natural phenomena and particles, is called Theory of Everything. Some basic features, and some promising candidates such as string theory and quantum loop gravity are outlined in Chapter 5. Before that, we summarize the conclusions of the uni cation theories, described on the previous chapters. Lastly, we describe the experimental limitation of the existing and future experiments and the future steps that will be followed in particle and high energy physics in the upcoming years. 2016-06-09T12:55:38Z 2016-06-09T12:55:38Z 2015 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/10889/9348 gr 0 application/pdf |
