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oapen-20.500.12657-473202021-03-16T01:46:06Z Solar Energetic Particles Reames, Donald V. Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology Plasma Physics Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics) Atmospheric Sciences Solar Physics Astrophysical Plasma Waves, instabilities and nonlinear plasma dynamics Space Physics Atmospheric Science Open Access Impulsive SEP events Gradual SEP events Space Weather Coronal elemental abundances Solar wind Space plasma physics SEP measurements Coronal mass ejections Theoretical & mathematical astronomy Astronautics Earth sciences bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PG Astronomy, space & time bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHF Materials / States of matter::PHFP Plasma physics bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTD Space science::TTDS Astronautics bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences This open access book serves as a concise primer introducing the non-specialist reader to the physics of solar energetic particles (SEP). It systematically reviews the evidence for the two main mechanisms which lead to the so-called impulsive and gradual SEP events. This second edition contains two completely new chapters discussing element abundances and shock waves, reflecting new theoretical, modeling, and observational results. Existing chapters have been substantially expanded or updated with additions placed in a broader context. More specifically, the author discusses the timing of the onsets of SEPs, their longitude distributions, their high-energy spectral shapes, their correlations with other solar phenomena, as well as the all-important elemental and isotopic abundances. The book relates impulsive SEP events to magnetic reconnection in solar flares and jets. The concept of shock acceleration by scattering on self-amplified Alfvén waves is introduced, as is the evidence of reacceleration of impulsive-SEP material in the seed population accessed by the shocks in gradual events. The text then develops processes of transport of ions out to an observer. Finally, a technique to determine the source plasma temperature in both impulsive and gradual events is demonstrated.The author also mentions the role of SEP events as a radiation hazard in space and briefly discusses the nature of the main particle telescope designs that have contributed to most of the SEP measurements. 2021-03-15T13:33:00Z 2021-03-15T13:33:00Z 2021 book ONIX_20210315_9783030664022_36 9783030664022 https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/47320 eng Lecture Notes in Physics application/pdf Attribution 4.0 International 9783030664022.pdf https://www.springer.com/9783030664022 Springer Nature 10.1007/978-3-030-66402-2 10.1007/978-3-030-66402-2 6c6992af-b843-4f46-859c-f6e9998e40d5 83a7a29d-efaa-4adf-9f81-c4718763d70d 9783030664022 978 225 [grantnumber unknown] open access
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This open access book serves as a concise primer introducing the non-specialist reader to the physics of solar energetic particles (SEP). It systematically reviews the evidence for the two main mechanisms which lead to the so-called impulsive and gradual SEP events. This second edition contains two completely new chapters discussing element abundances and shock waves, reflecting new theoretical, modeling, and observational results. Existing chapters have been substantially expanded or updated with additions placed in a broader context. More specifically, the author discusses the timing of the onsets of SEPs, their longitude distributions, their high-energy spectral shapes, their correlations with other solar phenomena, as well as the all-important elemental and isotopic abundances. The book relates impulsive SEP events to magnetic reconnection in solar flares and jets. The concept of shock acceleration by scattering on self-amplified Alfvén waves is introduced, as is the evidence of reacceleration of impulsive-SEP material in the seed population accessed by the shocks in gradual events. The text then develops processes of transport of ions out to an observer. Finally, a technique to determine the source plasma temperature in both impulsive and gradual events is demonstrated.The author also mentions the role of SEP events as a radiation hazard in space and briefly discusses the nature of the main particle telescope designs that have contributed to most of the SEP measurements.
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