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oapen-20.500.12657-492472021-11-23T14:03:17Z Chapter Influence of Glycaemic Control on Cognitive Function in Diabetic Children and Adolescents Campoy, Cristina Nieto-Ruiz, Ana Diéguez Castillo, Estefanía Escudero-Marín, Mireia diabetes, glycaemic index, blood glucose, neurodevelopment, cognitive performance, brain bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNH Personal & public health::MBNH3 Dietetics & nutrition According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the number of people with diabetes has risen to 422 million in 2014. Poorly managed diabetes leads to chronic hyper and/or hypoglycaemia, which are associated with neurological complications in type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the primary target of diabetic treatment is to achieve a good glycaemic control (GC). In this chapter, we reviewed studies published up to September 2017 about GC and cognitive development in diabetic children and adolescents, as well as the nutritional approaches used for the management of diabetes in childhood, focusing on low glycaemic index (GI) diets. According to different studies, low GI diets effectively improve GC, which may reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications, such as cognitive dysfunction; however, the evidence is not sufficiently robust and the results are inconclusive. Despite the fact that, low GI diets are consistent with healthy eating recommendations and should be encouraged in the prevention and nutritional management of diabetes. Further research is needed in diabetic children and adolescents at risk, especially well-designed long-term randomised controlled trials, with larger sample size, to determine the true value of low GI diets on long-term GC and diabetes prevention and management. 2021-06-02T10:10:29Z 2021-06-02T10:10:29Z 2018 chapter ONIX_20210602_10.5772/intechopen.75562_361 https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/49247 eng application/pdf n/a 60464.pdf InTechOpen 10.5772/intechopen.75562 10.5772/intechopen.75562 09f6769d-48ed-467d-b150-4cf2680656a1 H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage 633595 open access
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According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the number of people with diabetes has risen to 422 million in 2014. Poorly managed diabetes leads to chronic hyper and/or hypoglycaemia, which are associated with neurological complications in type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the primary target of diabetic treatment is to achieve a good glycaemic control (GC). In this chapter, we reviewed studies published up to September 2017 about GC and cognitive development in diabetic children and adolescents, as well as the nutritional approaches used for the management of diabetes in childhood, focusing on low glycaemic index (GI) diets. According to different studies, low GI diets effectively improve GC, which may reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications, such as cognitive dysfunction; however, the evidence is not sufficiently robust and the results are inconclusive. Despite the fact that, low GI diets are consistent with healthy eating recommendations and should be encouraged in the prevention and nutritional management of diabetes. Further research is needed in diabetic children and adolescents at risk, especially well-designed long-term randomised controlled trials, with larger sample size, to determine the true value of low GI diets on long-term GC and diabetes prevention and management.
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