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oapen-20.500.12657-612412024-03-27T14:14:27Z Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics Smith, Marcus Miller, Seumas Law Enforcement Biometric Identification Facial Recognition Digital Fingerprint Genomic Information Philosophy and Law Security Studies Cyber Security Military Ethics Applied Ethics thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKV Crime and criminology thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence::UYQP Pattern recognition thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics::UBL Digital and information technologies: Legal aspects This book is open access. This book undertakes a multifaceted and integrated examination of biometric identification, including the current state of the technology, how it is being used, the key ethical issues, and the implications for law and regulation. The five chapters examine the main forms of contemporary biometrics–fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and DNA identification– as well the integration of biometric data with other forms of personal data, analyses key ethical concepts in play, including privacy, individual autonomy, collective responsibility, and joint ownership rights, and proposes a raft of principles to guide the regulation of biometrics in liberal democracies. Biometric identification technology is developing rapidly and being implemented more widely, along with other forms of information technology. As products, services and communication moves online, digital identity and security is becoming more important. Biometric identification facilitates this transition. Citizens now use biometrics to access a smartphone or obtain a passport; law enforcement agencies use biometrics in association with CCTV to identify a terrorist in a crowd, or identify a suspect via their fingerprints or DNA; and companies use biometrics to identify their customers and employees. In some cases the use of biometrics is governed by law, in others the technology has developed and been implemented so quickly that, perhaps because it has been viewed as a valuable security enhancement, laws regulating its use have often not been updated to reflect new applications. However, the technology associated with biometrics raises significant ethical problems, including in relation to individual privacy, ownership of biometric data, dual use and, more generally, as is illustrated by the increasing use of biometrics in authoritarian states such as China, the potential for unregulated biometrics to undermine fundamental principles of liberal democracy. Resolving these ethical problems is a vital step towards more effective regulation. 2023-02-13T17:25:49Z 2023-02-13T17:25:49Z 2021 book ONIX_20230213_9783030902568_2 9783030902568 https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/61241 eng SpringerBriefs in Ethics application/pdf n/a 978-3-030-90256-8.pdf https://link.springer.com/978-3-030-90256-8 Springer Nature Springer International Publishing 10.1007/978-3-030-90256-8 10.1007/978-3-030-90256-8 6c6992af-b843-4f46-859c-f6e9998e40d5 178e65b9-dd53-4922-b85c-0aaa74fce079 2b499bba-4c72-4c14-ba3d-ad473c6e6069 9783030902568 European Research Council (ERC) Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Springer International Publishing 99 Cham 670172 DP180103439 H2020 European Research Council H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council Australian Research Council ARC open access
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This book is open access. This book undertakes a multifaceted and integrated examination of biometric identification, including the current state of the technology, how it is being used, the key ethical issues, and the implications for law and regulation. The five chapters examine the main forms of contemporary biometrics–fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and DNA identification– as well the integration of biometric data with other forms of personal data, analyses key ethical concepts in play, including privacy, individual autonomy, collective responsibility, and joint ownership rights, and proposes a raft of principles to guide the regulation of biometrics in liberal democracies. Biometric identification technology is developing rapidly and being implemented more widely, along with other forms of information technology. As products, services and communication moves online, digital identity and security is becoming more important. Biometric identification facilitates this transition. Citizens now use biometrics to access a smartphone or obtain a passport; law enforcement agencies use biometrics in association with CCTV to identify a terrorist in a crowd, or identify a suspect via their fingerprints or DNA; and companies use biometrics to identify their customers and employees. In some cases the use of biometrics is governed by law, in others the technology has developed and been implemented so quickly that, perhaps because it has been viewed as a valuable security enhancement, laws regulating its use have often not been updated to reflect new applications. However, the technology associated with biometrics raises significant ethical problems, including in relation to individual privacy, ownership of biometric data, dual use and, more generally, as is illustrated by the increasing use of biometrics in authoritarian states such as China, the potential for unregulated biometrics to undermine fundamental principles of liberal democracy. Resolving these ethical problems is a vital step towards more effective regulation.
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