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oapen-20.500.12657-615202024-03-27T14:14:33Z Relaxing non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) to improve photosynthesis in crops Kromdijk, Johannes Walter, Julia Improving photosynthesis photoprotection NPQ non-photochemical quenching light harvesting fluctuating light photoinhibition thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVK Agronomy and crop production Sunlight intercepted by crop plants drives photosynthesis and growth. However, the light-harvesting antenna complexes that capture light energy for photosynthesis can also absorb too much light, which enhances the formation for reactive oxygen species and can result in damage to photosynthetic reaction centres. In order to prevent excessive damage, light-harvesting efficiency is reduced under high light, via upregulation of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) processes involved in thermal dissipation of excitation energy in the photosystem II antennae. Relaxation of NPQ following high light exposure is not instantaneous and the response time increases with severity and longevity of the high light exposure. Due to slow NPQ relaxation, photosynthetic light use efficiency can be decreased for prolonged periods after high light exposure. In this chapter we review mechanistic understanding of light harvesting and NPQ, how NPQ can be measured and results from recent attempts to accelerate NPQ responses to light. 2023-02-27T12:21:40Z 2023-02-27T12:21:40Z 2023 chapter ONIX_20230227_9781801463607_33 9781801463607 https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/61520 eng Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science application/pdf Attribution 4.0 International 9781801463607_web.pdf Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing 10.19103/AS.2022.0119.09 10.19103/AS.2022.0119.09 9f8f6c63-e2ae-40b8-8aac-316abb377d6a ef01d703-cec9-4aa8-bd01-a0e3b7c2f1ee 9781801463607 Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing 18 Cambridge [...] University of Cambridge open access
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Sunlight intercepted by crop plants drives photosynthesis and growth. However, the light-harvesting antenna complexes that capture light energy for photosynthesis can also absorb too much light, which enhances the formation for reactive oxygen species and can result in damage to photosynthetic reaction centres. In order to prevent excessive damage, light-harvesting efficiency is reduced under high light, via upregulation of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) processes involved in thermal dissipation of excitation energy in the photosystem II antennae. Relaxation of NPQ following high light exposure is not instantaneous and the response time increases with severity and longevity of the high light exposure. Due to slow NPQ relaxation, photosynthetic light use efficiency can be decreased for prolonged periods after high light exposure. In this chapter we review mechanistic understanding of light harvesting and NPQ, how NPQ can be measured and results from recent attempts to accelerate NPQ responses to light.
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