Sample preparation for trace element analysis /

• Άλλοι συγγραφείς: Mester, Z. (Επιμελητής έκδοσης), Sturgeon, R. (Επιμελητής έκδοσης)
• Μορφή: Ηλ. βιβλίο
• Γλώσσα: English
• Έκδοση: Amsterdam ; Boston : Elsevier, 2003.
• Έκδοση: 1st ed.
• Σειρά: Comprehensive analytical chemistry ; v. 41.
• Θέματα: Trace elements > Analysis.; Trace elements > Speciation.; Sampling.; SCIENCE > Chemistry > Analytic.; Sporenanalyse.; Spoorelementen.; Monsterneming.; Electronic books.

 Following the collection of a sample, every analytical chemist will agree that its subsequent preservation and processing are of paramount importance. The availability of high performance analytical instrumentation has not diminished this need for careful selection of appropriate pretreatment methodologies, intelligently designed to synergistically elicit optimum function from these powerful measurement tools. Sample Preparation for Trace Element Analysis is a modern, comprehensive treatise, providing an account of the state-of-the art on the subject matter. 

 Cover -- Contents -- Contributors to Vol XLI -- Volumes in the Series -- Series Editor's Preface -- Preface -- Acronyms -- Chapter 1. Sampling and sample preservation for trace element analysis -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Preliminary considerations -- 1.3 Types of samples -- 1.4 Planning the sampling operation -- 1.5 Statistical sampling -- 1.6 Sample handling and preservation during collection, transport, and storage -- 1.7 Quality assurance in sampling [24,25] -- 1.8 Glossary -- References -- Selected bibliography -- Chapter 2. Sources of analyte contamination and loss during the analytical process -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Contamination -- 2.3 Losses -- 2.4 Sampling -- 2.5 Storage -- 2.6 Drying and homogenisation -- 2.7 Dilution, dissolution and digestion -- 2.8 Separation and preconcentration -- 2.9 Element measurement -- References -- Chapter 3. Calibration approaches for trace element determination -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic assumptions and some terminology -- 3.3 Selection of the calibration approach -- 3.4 Statistical evaluation of recovery data -- 3.5 Linear regression -- 3.6 External calibration -- 3.7 Method of standard additions -- 3.8 Internal standardization -- 3.9 Isotope dilution -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 4. Stated references for ensuring traceability of trace element analysis -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Meaning of traceability for chemical measurements -- 4.3 SI units -- 4.4 Documented standards -- 4.5 Reference methods -- 4.6 Reference materials -- 4.7 Specimen banking -- 4.8 Proficiency testing -- 4.9 Real-case achievement of traceability of trace element analysis -- 4.10 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5. Detection methods for the quantitation of trace elements -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Classical methods -- 5.3 Flame spectrometry -- 5.4 Electrothermal AAS -- 5.5 Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry -- 5.6 Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry -- 5.7 Atomic Fluorescence spectrometry -- 5.8 Other atomic absorption, emission and Fluorescence methods of detection -- 5.9 Secondary ion mass spectrometry -- 5.10 Glow discharge mass spectrometry -- 5.11 X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry -- 5.12 UV/Visible spectrophotometric and chemiluminescence techniques -- 5.13 Electrochemical methods -- References -- SECTION -- 1: DIGESTION AND EXTRACTION APPROACHES -- Chapter 6. Wet digestion methods -- 6.1 Introduction and brief history -- 6.2 Nomenclature -- 6.3 Bibliography -- 6.4 Reagents and vessel materials for wet digestion procedures -- 6.5 Wet acid digestion (decomposition and dissolution) procedures -- 6.6 Conclusions and future trends -- References -- Chapter 7. Dry ashing -- 7.1 General considerations -- 7.2 Why dry ashing? -- 7.3 Oxidation process and dissolution of the residue -- 7.4 Methodology -- 7.5 Particular cases of arsenic and selenium -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8 &