Sea ice : physics and remote sensing /

• Κύριοι συγγραφείς: Shokr, Mohammed (Συγγραφέας), Sinha, Nirmal (Συγγραφέας)
• Μορφή: Ηλ. βιβλίο
• Γλώσσα: English
• Έκδοση: Washington, D.C. : Hoboken, New Jersey : American Geophysical Union ; John Wiley & Sons, [2015]
• Σειρά: Geophysical monograph ; 209.
• Θέματα: Sea ice > Remote sensing.; Sea ice > Arctic regions.; Sea ice.; SCIENCE / Earth Sciences / Geography; SCIENCE / Earth Sciences / Geology; Ice mechanics.; Salinity.; Arctic Regions.; Electronic books.

1. Sea ice physical, dielectric and radiometric properties 1.1 Sea ice phase diagram 1.2 Sea ice growth under different oceanographic and atmospheric conditions 1.3 Thickness-based ice types 1.4 Physical properties of sea ice 1.5 Dielectric properties of ice type 1.5.1 Measurements of complex dielec...

Πίνακας περιεχομένων:

• Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1. Background; 1.2. Historical Synopsis: Canada and the Arctic; 1.3. Fascinating Nature of Sea Ice; 1.4. Sea Ice in Research and Operational Disciplines; 1.4.1. Sea Ice in Marine Navigation; 1.4.2. Sea Ice in Physics; 1.4.3. Sea Ice in Climatology; 1.4.4. Sea Ice in Meteorology; 1.4.5. Sea Ice in Oceanography; 1.4.6. Sea Ice in Marine Biology; 1.4.7. Sea Ice and Offshore Structures; 1.4.8. Sea Ice for Search and Rescue and Transportation; 1.5. Sea Ice and Remote Sensing; 1.6. About the Book and Its Organization.
• Chapter 2 Ice Physics and Physical Processes; 2.1. Initial Ice Formation; 2.1.1. Relevant Seawater Properties; 2.1.2. Seawater Freezing Mechanism; 2.1.3. Initial Ice Crystals and Frazil Ice; 2.2. Ice Growth; 2.2.1. Lateral Ice Growth; 2.2.2. Vertical Ice Growth (Congelation Ice); 2.2.3. Superimposed Ice; 2.2.4. Thermodynamic Ice Growth; 2.3. Inclusions in Ice; 2.3.1. Compositional (Constitutional) Supercooling and Brine Pocket Formation; 2.3.2. Dendritic Interface of Sea Ice; 2.3.3. Salinity Loss During Ice Growth; 2.4. Ice Deformation
• 2.5. Ice Decay and Aging2.5.1. Ice Decay; 2.5.2. Ice Aging; 2.6. Ice Classes and Ice Regimes; 2.6.1. Criteria of Ice Classification; 2.6.2. Polynyas; 2.6.3. Pancake Ice Regime; 2.6.4. Marginal Ice Zone and Ice Edge; 2.6.5. Ice of Land Origin; Chapter 3 Sea Ice Properties: Data and Derivations; 3.1. Temperature Profiles in Ice and Snow; 3.2. Bulk Salinity and Salinity Profile; 3.2.1. Bulk Salinity; 3.2.2. Salinity Profiles; 3.3. Density of First-Year and Multiyear Ice; 3.4. Volume Fraction of Sea Ice Constituents; 3.4.1. Brine Volume Fraction; 3.4.2. Solid Salt Volume Fraction
• 3.4.3. Pure Ice Volume Fraction3.4.4. Air Volume Fraction; 3.5. Thermal Properties; 3.5.1. Thermal Conductivity of Sea Ice; 3.5.2. Thermal Conductivity of Snow; 3.5.3. Specific Heat of Sea Ice; 3.5.4. Latent Heat of Sea Ice; 3.6. Dielectric Properties; 3.6.1. Dielectric Constant of Brine; 3.6.2. Dielectric Mixing Models; 3.6.3. Field Measurements of Dielectric Constant; Chapter 4 Polycrystalline Ice Structure; 4.1. Terms and Definitions Relevant to Polycrystalline Ice; 4.1.1. Special Thermal State of Natural Ice; 4.1.2. General Terms for Structural Aspects of Ice
• 4.1.3. Basic Terms and Definitions4.2. Morphology of Ice; 4.2.1. Form of Ice Crystals; 4.2.2. Miller Indices for Hexagonal Ice; 4.2.3. Growth Direction of Ice Crystals; 4.2.4. Ice Density in Relation to Crystalline Structure; 4.3. Structure- and Texture-Based Classification of Natural Ice; 4.3.1. Freshwater Ice Classification of Michel and Ramseier; 4.3.2. Extending Crystallographic Classification of Freshwater Ice to Sea Ice; 4.3.3. Crystallographic Classes of Natural Ice; 4.3.4. Stereographical Projection (Fabric Diagram) of Natural Polycrystalline Ice